"use strict"; const {Fragment: _Fragment, jsx: _jsx, jsxs: _jsxs} = arguments[0]; const {useMDXComponents: _provideComponents} = arguments[0]; function _createMdxContent(props) { const _components = { a: "a", annotation: "annotation", code: "code", figure: "figure", h2: "h2", img: "img", li: "li", math: "math", mi: "mi", mn: "mn", mo: "mo", mrow: "mrow", msup: "msup", p: "p", pre: "pre", semantics: "semantics", span: "span", ul: "ul", ..._provideComponents(), ...props.components }; return _jsxs(_Fragment, { children: [_jsx(_components.p, { children: _jsx(_components.a, { href: "https://www.acmicpc.net/problem/2239", children: "문제 링크" }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.h2, { children: "문제" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "스도쿠는 매우 간단한 숫자 퍼즐이다. 9×9 크기의 보드가 있을 때, 각 행과 각 열, 그리고 9개의 3×3 크기의 보드에 1부터 9까지의 숫자가 중복 없이 나타나도록 보드를 채우면 된다. 예를 들어 다음을 보자." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: _jsx(_components.img, { src: "/generated/posts/algorithm/boj-2239/assets/img1.png", alt: "" }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "위 그림은 참 잘도 스도쿠 퍼즐을 푼 경우이다. 각 행에 1부터 9까지의 숫자가 중복 없이 나오고, 각 열에 1부터 9까지의 숫자가 중복 없이 나오고, 각 3×3짜리 사각형(9개이며, 위에서 색깔로 표시되었다)에 1부터 9까지의 숫자가 중복 없이 나오기 때문이다." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "하다 만 스도쿠 퍼즐이 주어졌을 때, 마저 끝내는 프로그램을 작성하시오." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.h2, { children: "입력" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "9개의 줄에 9개의 숫자로 보드가 입력된다. 아직 숫자가 채워지지 않은 칸에는 0이 주어진다." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.h2, { children: "출력" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "9개의 줄에 9개의 숫자로 답을 출력한다. 답이 여러 개 있다면 그 중 사전식으로 앞서는 것을 출력한다. 즉, 81자리의 수가 제일 작은 경우를 출력한다." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.h2, { children: "풀이" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "빈 칸을 하나씩 채워 가며 가능한 수를 시도하는 전형적인 백트래킹 문제다. 한 칸에 숫자를 넣을 수 있는지는 같은 행, 같은 열, 같은 3 x 3 칸만 보면 판정할 수 있다." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "코드에서는 빈 칸 목록을 모아 두고, 현재 칸에 1부터 9까지 가능한 숫자를 넣어 본다. 조건을 만족하면 다음 칸으로 재귀를 이어 가고, 끝까지 완성되면 그대로 정답을 출력한다." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "핵심은 유효성 검사와 되돌리기다." }), 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children: [_jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#D8DEE9FF" }, children: " check3" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#ECEFF4" }, children: "[" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#D8DEE9FF" }, children: "y" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#ECEFF4" }, children: "]" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#81A1C1" }, children: " &=" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#81A1C1" }, children: " ~" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#ECEFF4" }, children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#B48EAD" }, children: "1" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#81A1C1" }, children: " <<" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#D8DEE9FF" }, children: " i" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#ECEFF4" }, children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#81A1C1" }, children: ";" })] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.span, { "data-line": "", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#D8DEE9FF" }, children: " sudoku" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#ECEFF4" }, children: "[" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#D8DEE9FF" }, children: "x" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#ECEFF4" }, children: "][" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#D8DEE9FF" }, children: "y" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#ECEFF4" }, children: "]" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#81A1C1" }, children: " =" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#B48EAD" }, children: " 0" }), _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#81A1C1" }, children: ";" })] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.span, { "data-line": "", children: _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#ECEFF4" }, children: " }" }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.span, { "data-line": "", children: _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#ECEFF4" }, children: " }" }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.span, { "data-line": "", children: _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#ECEFF4" }, children: " }" }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.span, { "data-line": "", children: _jsx(_components.span, { style: { color: "#ECEFF4" }, children: "}" }) })] }) }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.h2, { children: "복잡도" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.ul, { children: ["\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["시간 복잡도: 빈 칸 수를 ", _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "katex", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "katex-mathml", children: _jsx(_components.math, { xmlns: "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML", children: _jsxs(_components.semantics, { children: [_jsx(_components.mrow, { children: _jsx(_components.mi, { children: "E" }) }), _jsx(_components.annotation, { encoding: "application/x-tex", children: "E" })] }) }) }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "katex-html", "aria-hidden": "true", children: _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "base", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "strut", style: { height: "0.6833em" } }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mord mathnormal", style: { marginRight: "0.0576em" }, children: "E" })] }) })] }), "라 하면 스도쿠 후보를 백트래킹하므로 최악의 경우 ", _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "katex", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "katex-mathml", children: _jsx(_components.math, { xmlns: "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML", children: _jsxs(_components.semantics, { children: [_jsxs(_components.mrow, { children: [_jsx(_components.mi, { children: "O" }), _jsx(_components.mo, { stretchy: "false", children: "(" }), _jsxs(_components.msup, { children: [_jsx(_components.mn, { children: "9" }), _jsx(_components.mi, { children: "E" })] }), _jsx(_components.mo, { stretchy: "false", children: ")" })] }), _jsx(_components.annotation, { encoding: "application/x-tex", children: "O(9^E)" })] }) }) }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "katex-html", "aria-hidden": "true", children: _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "base", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "strut", style: { height: "1.0913em", verticalAlign: "-0.25em" } }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mord mathnormal", style: { marginRight: "0.0278em" }, children: "O" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mopen", children: "(" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "mord", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "mord", children: "9" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "msupsub", children: _jsx(_components.span, { className: "vlist-t", children: _jsx(_components.span, { className: "vlist-r", children: _jsx(_components.span, { className: "vlist", style: { height: "0.8413em" }, children: _jsxs(_components.span, { style: { top: "-3.063em", marginRight: "0.05em" }, children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "pstrut", style: { height: "2.7em" } }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight", children: _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mord mathnormal mtight", style: { marginRight: "0.0576em" }, children: "E" }) })] }) }) }) }) })] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mclose", children: ")" })] }) })] }), "이다."] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["공간 복잡도: 보드 크기는 고정이고 재귀 스택만 사용하므로 ", _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "katex", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "katex-mathml", children: _jsx(_components.math, { xmlns: "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML", children: _jsxs(_components.semantics, { children: [_jsxs(_components.mrow, { children: [_jsx(_components.mi, { children: "O" }), _jsx(_components.mo, { stretchy: "false", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.mi, { children: "E" }), _jsx(_components.mo, { stretchy: "false", children: ")" })] }), _jsx(_components.annotation, { encoding: "application/x-tex", children: "O(E)" })] }) }) }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "katex-html", "aria-hidden": "true", children: _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "base", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "strut", style: { height: "1em", verticalAlign: "-0.25em" } }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mord mathnormal", style: { 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BOJ 2239 - 스도쿠