"use strict"; const {Fragment: _Fragment, jsx: _jsx, jsxs: _jsxs} = arguments[0]; const {useMDXComponents: _provideComponents} = arguments[0]; function _createMdxContent(props) { const _components = { a: "a", annotation: "annotation", code: "code", figure: "figure", h2: "h2", img: "img", li: "li", math: "math", mi: "mi", mn: "mn", mo: "mo", mrow: "mrow", msup: "msup", p: "p", pre: "pre", semantics: "semantics", span: "span", ul: "ul", ..._provideComponents(), ...props.components }; return _jsxs(_Fragment, { children: [_jsx(_components.p, { children: _jsx(_components.a, { href: "https://www.acmicpc.net/problem/1194", children: "문제 링크" }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.h2, { children: "문제" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "지금 민식이가 계획한 여행은 달이 맨 처음 뜨기 시작할 때 부터, 준비했던 여행길이다. 하지만, 매번 달이 차오를 때마다 민식이는 어쩔 수 없는 현실의 벽 앞에서 다짐을 포기하고 말았다." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "민식이는 매번 자신의 다짐을 말하려고 노력했지만, 말을 하면 아무도 못 알아들을 것만 같아서, 지레 겁먹고 벙어리가 되어버렸다. 결국 민식이는 모두 잠든 새벽 네시 반쯤 홀로 일어나, 창 밖에 떠있는 달을 보았다." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "하루밖에 남지 않았다. 달은 내일이면 다 차오른다. 이번이 마지막기회다. 이걸 놓치면 영영 못간다." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "영식이는 민식이가 오늘도 여태것처럼 그냥 잠 들어버려서 못 갈지도 모른다고 생각했다. 하지만 그러기엔 민식이의 눈에는 저기 뜬 달이 너무나 떨렸다." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "민식이는 지금 미로 속에 있다. 미로는 직사각형 모양이고, 여행길을 떠나기 위해 미로를 탈출하려고 한다. 미로는 다음과 같이 구성되어져있다." }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.ul, { children: ["\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "빈 칸: 언제나 이동할 수 있다. ('.')" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "벽: 절대 이동할 수 없다. ('#')" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "열쇠: 언제나 이동할 수 있다. 이 곳에 처음 들어가면 열쇠를 집는다. ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f')" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "문: 대응하는 열쇠가 있을 때만 이동할 수 있다. ('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F')" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "민식이의 현재 위치: 빈 곳이고, 민식이가 현재 서 있는 곳이다. ('0')" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "출구: 달이 차오르기 때문에, 민식이가 가야하는 곳이다. 이 곳에 오면 미로를 탈출한다. ('1')" }), "\n"] }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "달이 차오르는 기회를 놓치지 않기 위해서, 미로를 탈출하려고 한다. 한 번의 움직임은 현재 위치에서 수평이나 수직으로 한 칸 이동하는 것이다." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "민식이가 미로를 탈출하는데 걸리는 이동 횟수의 최솟값을 구하는 프로그램을 작성하시오." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.h2, { children: "입력" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "첫째 줄에 미로의 세로 크기 N과 가로 크기 M이 주어진다. (1 ≤ N, M ≤ 50) 둘째 줄부터 N개의 줄에 미로의 모양이 주어진다. 같은 타입의 열쇠가 여러 개 있을 수 있고, 문도 마찬가지이다. 그리고, 문에 대응하는 열쇠가 없을 수도 있다. '0'은 한 개, '1'은 적어도 한 개 있다. 열쇠는 여러 번 사용할 수 있다." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.h2, { children: "출력" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "첫째 줄에 민식이가 미로를 탈출하는데 드는 이동 횟수의 최솟값을 출력한다. 만약 민식이가 미로를 탈출 할 수 없으면, -1을 출력한다." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.h2, { children: "풀이" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["같은 칸에 도착하더라도 어떤 열쇠를 들고 있는지에 따라 다음에 갈 수 있는 곳이 달라지므로, 단순한 2차원 BFS로는 부족하다. 상태를 ", _jsx(_components.code, { children: "(x, y, keyMask)" }), "로 잡고, 현재 가진 열쇠 집합까지 함께 관리해야 한다."] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["코드에서는 ", _jsx(_components.code, { children: "dist[x][y][bit]" }), "를 사용해 각 상태의 최소 이동 횟수를 저장한다. 빈 칸과 출구는 그대로 이동할 수 있고, 열쇠 칸에 들어가면 비트마스크에 해당 키를 추가한다. 문 칸은 대응하는 열쇠 비트가 켜져 있을 때만 통과할 수 있다."] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["이렇게 3차원 BFS를 돌리면 어떤 상태에 처음 도착한 순간이 그 상태의 최단 거리다. 출구 ", _jsx(_components.code, { children: "'1'" }), "에 도착하면 그 거리 값을 바로 반환하고, 끝까지 도달하지 못하면 ", _jsx(_components.code, { children: "-1" }), "을 출력하면 된다."] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.h2, { children: 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}), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "msupsub", children: _jsx(_components.span, { className: "vlist-t", children: _jsx(_components.span, { className: "vlist-r", children: _jsx(_components.span, { className: "vlist", style: { height: "0.8141em" }, children: _jsxs(_components.span, { style: { top: "-3.063em", marginRight: "0.05em" }, children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "pstrut", style: { height: "2.7em" } }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight", children: _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mord mtight", children: "6" }) })] }) }) }) }) })] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mclose", children: ")" })] })] })] })] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["공간 복잡도: ", _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "katex", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "katex-mathml", children: _jsx(_components.math, { xmlns: "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML", children: _jsxs(_components.semantics, { children: [_jsxs(_components.mrow, { children: [_jsx(_components.mi, { children: "O" }), _jsx(_components.mo, { stretchy: "false", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.mi, { children: "N" }), _jsx(_components.mi, { children: "M" }), _jsx(_components.mo, { children: "⋅" }), _jsxs(_components.msup, { children: [_jsx(_components.mn, { children: "2" }), _jsx(_components.mn, { children: "6" })] }), _jsx(_components.mo, { stretchy: "false", children: ")" })] }), _jsx(_components.annotation, { encoding: "application/x-tex", children: "O(NM \\cdot 2^6)" })] }) }) }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "katex-html", "aria-hidden": "true", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "base", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "strut", style: { height: "1em", verticalAlign: "-0.25em" } }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mord mathnormal", style: { marginRight: "0.0278em" }, children: "O" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mopen", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mord mathnormal", style: { marginRight: "0.109em" }, children: "N" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mord mathnormal", style: { marginRight: "0.109em" }, children: "M" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mspace", style: { marginRight: "0.2222em" } }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mbin", children: "⋅" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mspace", style: { marginRight: "0.2222em" } })] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "base", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "strut", style: { height: "1.0641em", verticalAlign: "-0.25em" } }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "mord", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "mord", children: "2" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "msupsub", children: _jsx(_components.span, { className: "vlist-t", children: _jsx(_components.span, { className: "vlist-r", children: _jsx(_components.span, { className: "vlist", style: { height: "0.8141em" }, children: _jsxs(_components.span, { style: { top: "-3.063em", marginRight: "0.05em" }, children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "pstrut", style: { height: "2.7em" } }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight", children: _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mord mtight", children: "6" }) })] }) }) }) }) })] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mclose", children: ")" })] })] })] })] }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.h2, { children: "마무리" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "미로 BFS에 열쇠 조건이 붙는 순간, 위치만이 아니라 소지 상태도 함께 봐야 한다. 비트마스크를 붙인 3차원 BFS로 바꾸면 문과 열쇠 규칙이 깔끔하게 처리된다." }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: _jsx(_components.img, { src: "/generated/posts/algorithm/boj-1194/assets/1.png", alt: "" }) })] }); } function MDXContent(props = {}) { const {wrapper: MDXLayout} = { ..._provideComponents(), ...props.components }; return MDXLayout ? _jsx(MDXLayout, { ...props, children: _jsx(_createMdxContent, { ...props }) }) : _createMdxContent(props); } return { default: MDXContent };

BOJ 1194 - 달이 차오른다, 가자.